Climate Change Chart of Turin, Italy

Overview of climate changes

Temperature changes

Averaged across calendar months, monthly mean temperature shows a difference of +1.28 °C compared with the earlier reference period; this is an unweighted average of monthly means, not a day-weighted annual average or a measure of daytime maximum temperatures. The largest monthly increase was in January, with a difference of +3.31 °C. By contrast, September had the largest monthly decrease, a difference of -0.19 °C.

Changes in snowfall

Averaged across calendar months, mean daily snowfall had a difference of -0.50 mm/day. This is an unweighted mean of monthly means, not a day-weighted annual measure, and does not imply the same change in every month. The largest monthly decrease was in January, with a difference of -4.39 mm/day; in March, snowfall instead had the largest monthly increase, a difference of +0.51 mm/day. These are differences in daily mean amounts, not monthly snowfall totals.

Changes in rainfall

Mean daily rainfall, averaged across calendar months, had a difference of +0.55 mm/day; this unweighted mean of monthly means describes the aggregate rather than every month's conditions, and the figures are daily means rather than monthly totals. The largest monthly increase occurred in November, at a difference of +1.94 mm/day, while October recorded the largest monthly decrease, a difference of -1.05 mm/day. These contrasting monthly differences show why the overall mean does not describe each month individually.

Changes in sunshine duration

Mean daily sunshine duration averaged across calendar months had a difference of -0.08 hours/day. This unweighted aggregate describes the average of the monthly means, rather than daily sunshine in every month. The largest monthly increase was in May, with a difference of +0.63 hours/day; the largest monthly decrease was in November, at a difference of -0.84 hours/day. The monthly contrasts provide context for the smaller overall mean difference.