Climate Change Chart of Malacca, Malaysia

Overview of climate changes

Temperature changes

The unweighted mean difference, averaged across calendar months, was an increase of +0.65 °C in monthly mean temperature compared with the earlier reference period; this summarizes monthly averages rather than daytime maximum temperatures or a change in every month. The largest monthly increase was in March, with a difference of +0.81 °C. This identifies the strongest increase among the reported months, not a uniform shift across the year.

Changes in rainfall

Averaged across calendar months, mean daily rainfall increased by +1.52 mm/day compared with the earlier reference period. This is an unweighted summary of monthly means, not a day-weighted annual average or a monthly rainfall total. The largest monthly increase in mean daily rainfall occurred in December, with a difference of +4.33 mm/day. By contrast, September had the largest monthly decrease, a difference of -0.03 mm/day; these contrasting monthly changes show why the overall mean should not be read as applying to each month.

Changes in sunshine duration

Mean daily sunshine duration averaged across calendar months had a decrease of -1.19 hours/day compared with the earlier reference period. This unweighted mean difference describes the aggregate of monthly means, rather than a change shared by every month. The largest monthly decrease was in November, where the difference was -2.21 hours/day. This marks the strongest reported monthly reduction in mean daily sunshine duration, not a statement about each day's conditions.