Climate Change Chart of Astana, Kazakhstan

Overview of climate changes

Temperature changes

Averaged across calendar months, monthly mean temperature shows a difference of +1.48 °C in the more recent period; this is an unweighted comparison of monthly means, not a day-weighted annual average or a measure of daytime highs. The strongest monthly increase was in December, with a difference of +4.93 °C. In July, by contrast, the largest monthly decrease was -0.43 °C. These selected months show that the period-to-period differences varied across the calendar, rather than describing every month's change.

Changes in snowfall

Mean daily snowfall was higher by +0.46 mm/day when the monthly means are averaged across calendar months, using an unweighted mean rather than a day-weighted annual measure. The largest monthly increase occurred in December, with a difference of +2.16 mm/day; the largest monthly decrease was in May, at -0.43 mm/day. These differences concern daily mean snowfall amounts, not monthly totals, and the overall mean should not be read as a uniform change in every month.

Changes in rainfall

Mean daily rainfall, rather than monthly totals, was higher on average across calendar months by +0.17 mm/day in the more recent period; this unweighted mean difference does not imply that rainfall increased in every month. The largest monthly increase occurred in July, at +0.81 mm/day. The largest monthly decrease was much more limited in magnitude: in January, the difference was -0.02 mm/day. These are changes in daily mean amounts for the named months, not changes in accumulated monthly rainfall.

Changes in sunshine duration

Mean daily sunshine duration had an unweighted difference of -0.41 hours/day across calendar months, indicating a lower average in the more recent period, without implying the same change in every month. The clearest monthly decrease was in February, where the difference was -1.10 hours/day. In August, the largest monthly increase was +0.07 hours/day. The contrast between these months helps qualify the overall mean: it summarizes monthly averages and is not a continuous trend.